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Mandibular Block Autografts for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Mandibular Block Autografts for Alveolar Ridge Augmentation

Author(s):

Michael A Pikos, DDS

Date Added:

1/1/2005


Summary:

Reconstruction of alveolar ridge deficiencies requires bone augmentation before implant placement. Osseous defects occur as a result of trauma, prolonged edentulism, congenital anomalies, periodontal disease, and infection, and they often require hard and soft tissue reconstruction. Autogenous bone grafts have been used for many years for ridge augmentation and are still considered the gold standard for jaw reconstruction. The use of autogenous bone grafts with osseointegrated implants originally was discussed by Bra°nemark and colleagues, who often used the iliac crest as the donor site. Other external donor sites include calvarium, rib, and tibia. For repair of most localized alveolar defects, however, block bone grafts from the symphysis and ramus buccal shelf offer advantages over iliac crest grafts, including close proximity of donor and recipient sites, convenient surgical access, decreased donor site morbidity, and decreased cost.

This article reviews indications, limitations, presurgical evaluation, surgical protocol, and complications associated with mandibular block autografts harvested from the symphysis and ramus buccal shelf for alveolar ridge augmentation. The author draws from 14 years of experience with more than 500 mandibular block autografts.



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