Dental Publication / Article Details |
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A New View for Restorative Dentistry
Author(s):
Lee H. Silverstein, DDS, MS, FACD, FICD;David Kurtzman, DDS, FACD, Peter C. Shatz, DDS, Jack T. Krauser, DMD
Date Added:
5/1/2002
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Summary:
The term endoscopy is derived from the Greek language and is literally translated as endon (within) and skopion (to see), hence the meaning, "to see within." Early endoscopists such as Hippocrates in 377 Beused primitive tube-like instruments for endoscopy. Arabs in 900 AD utilized mirrors to illuminate body cavities, and Nitze in the 1870s incorporated lenses with an incandescent platinum wire loop for illumination. All were restricted by the inability to transfer sufficient light distally into the body cavity, as well as the limited field of vision offered by the tube opening (bore). With major advances in the field of medicine, a breakthrough in optical quality was achieved in 1960 by an English physician, Hopkins, who created a rod lens series that led to important advancements in the field of view, magnification, and focal length of the endoscope, resulting in a clearer image. During this time period, the convergence of image bundle fibers also advanced endoscopy to smaller bore devices of 2,3, and 5 mm. Later video systems credited to Mouret in the 1980s were integrated with the endoscope, and provided an enhanced image signal. By the late 1980s and early 1990s, flexible endoscopes that used fiber-optic bundles to transmit light and images were important instruments in cardiology, general surgery, gynecology, and otolaryngology. The DentalView dental endoscopic viewing system in a clinical setting, performing a number of minimally invasive surgical (MIS) procedures to remove polyps and cancerous, life-threatening lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. With orthopedic surgeons providing endoscopic medical treatment for knee surgery using arthroscopic procedures since the 1980s, the lay public became familiar with this aspect of medical care. Over time, both optic and video technology have advanced, with improvements in fiber optics, software processing, and video interfacing. These continuing advancements have fostered smaller bore endoscopes of 2 mm and less, further improving access into smaller cavities and anatomical structures. The field of endoscopy has recently expanded further with the introduction of the dental endoscope. This endoscope, with its uniquely small bore size of less than 1 mm, is ideal for use during minimally invasive dental surgical applications (MIDSA).
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