Bone Augmentation in Infected Sites with Bovine-Derived Xenograft Mixed with Platelet-Rich Plasma Covered by Platelet-Poor Plasma
The aim of this study was to assess the success of bone regeneration in infected and non-infected human dental defects, with respect to biological properties of bone remodeling. Histomorphometric analysis of bone biopsies was used to evaluate new bone formation, soft tissue, and residual biomaterial in infected and noninfected sites. In all samples, the biomaterial particles were surrounded by newly generated bone. Among factors that were analyzed, gender, medical state, and smoking had no significant effect on bone regeneration. Variables including tooth location, platelet concentrate, and protective membrane addition were also analyzed for their effects on bone regeneration.

Guided Bone Regeneration of a Seibert Class III Bone Defect With Bioactive Calcium Phosphosilicate Bone Graft: Human Histology and Clinical Report
This clinical case aimed to achieve two main objectives. The first was to determine if the use of only calcium phosphosilicate bone graft as a regeneration material (with no autologous bone added) on a severe vertical and horizontal mandibular defect would allow enough bone to be obtained to enable the placement of dental implants. The second objective was to determine histologic characteristics of the regenerated site after a healing period of 10 months.

Clinical and Esthetic Outcomes of the Surgical Veneer Grafting Protocol in the Anterior Maxilla
A multicenter cohort clinical investigation evaluated the change in horizontal ridge dimension associated with immediate implant placement and provisionalization in an anterior extraction socket.

Antimicrobial Effect of a Single Dose of Amoxicillin on the Oral Microbiota
Amoxicillin is commonly used in oral surgery for antimicrobial prophylaxis against surgical-site infection and bacteremia because of its effect on oral streptococci. The aim of this study was to determine whether amoxicillin reaches the break-point concentrations in saliva and has any effect on the salivary microbiota, colonizing bacteria on mucosal membranes and on the gingival crevice after a single dose of amoxicillin. A single dose given as prophylaxis to prevent a surgical-site infection results in a significant reducing effect on the oral streptococcal microflora in the gingival crevice and may have an impact on bacteria spreading into tissues and the bacteria of streptococci.

Effectiveness of a Super-Pulsed CO2 Laser For Removal of Biofilm From Three Different Types of Implant Surfaces: An In Vitro Study
As dental implants become a routine part of dental practice, so too will the prevalence of peri-implant diseases. Inherent to the treatment of peri-implant disease is the removal of microbial biofilms from the implant surface. Currently, there is no standardized protocol for application of any treatment modality directed at implant surface decontamination. In this in vitro study, we report on the effectiveness of a super-pulsed CO2 laser, delivering an average fluence of 6.3 to 113 J/cm2, to remove biofilm from three different types of implant surface topographies. Biofilms ranged in thickness from 5 to 15 μm. An average fluence of 19 J/cm2 was sufficient to achieve 100% ablation of the biofilm on hydrophilic sandblasted and acidetched surface specimens (SA). However, to achieve 100% ablation of biofilm on HA and highly crystalline, phosphate enriched titanium oxide (PTO) surfaced implants required an average fluence of 38 J/cm2.

Oral Soft Tissue Laser Ablative and Coagulative Efficiencies Spectra
The key to the success of soft tissue lasers is their ability to cut and coagulate the soft tissue at the same time. Present work is aimed to derive the wavelength-dependent differences in photo-thermal ablation and coagulation efficiencies for oral soft tissue pulsed dental Near-IR Diode, Mid-IR Erbium and IR CO2 lasers. Even though the soft tissue photothermal ablation has been extensively studied, there remains a discrepancy between (a) the widely proliferated notion about efficient Near-IR 800-1,100 nm laser ablation of the oral soft tissue, and (b) studies reporting the inefficient soft tissue Near-IR absorption/ablation. Indeed, the notions about “the key to the usefulness of the Nd:YAG is that this wavelength is highly absorbed in oral soft tissue”, and “all currently available dental laser instruments and their emission wavelengths have indications for use for incising, excising... oral soft tissue surgery”, contradict an observation illustrated here...

Three-Dimensional (3D) Facially Driven Workflow for Anterior Ridge Defect Evaluation: A Treatment Concept
The esthetic rehabilitation of anterior ridge defects and achieving patient satisfaction have become major clinical challenges for dentists and technicians. Poor diagnosis and treatment planning are frequently associated with multiple surgical procedures that fail to meet patient expectations. The loss of hard and soft tissues in anterior ridges results in an esthetically compromised zone that affects the rehabilitation prognosis. The presence of interdental papilla and papillary configuration play a decisive role in patient satisfaction.

When Esthetic Becomes Challenging
This case report shows the successful change of a young lady smile, by following standard dental esthetic guide lines. With careful, detailed examination and diagnosis, we could reach our goal toward providing a high esthetic smile change.

Treating Two Adjacent Missing Teeth in the Esthetic Zone - Part 1: The Pink Hybrid Restoration & the Unilateral Versus Bilateral Defect Concept
This article, the first of a planned three-part series, outlines a new surgical & prosthetic approach for treating cases involving two missing adjacent teeth in the esthetic zone. These type of cases, particularly when combined with a three-dimensional ridge deficiency, represent one of esthetic dentistry's most challenging dilemmas. A Clear understanding of the unilateral and bilateral defect concept is necessary to properly evaluate each particular case, understand surgical limitations, perform a better risk assessment, establish an esthetic prognosis, develop the best clinical-laboratory strategy, and adjust patients' expectations. While not recommended for every case, represents a useful, economical, and predictable alternative that decreases the umber and complexity of interventions.

Decision Making for Soft and Hard Tissue Augmentation in Surgically Facilitated Orthodontics
The purpose of this article is to present a decision-making algorithm for soft and hard tissue augmentation in surgically facilitated orthodontics (SFOT). In cases where there is adequate hard and soft tissue envelope, selective corticotomies may be adequate. In cases, where the existing hard and soft tissue anatomy is inadequate, hard and soft tissue augmentation is recommended. Also, hard and soft tissue augmentation is recommended to avoid teeth extractions during orthodontics.

Manejo Integral de Maloclusion Clase III en Adulto, con Requerimientos Periodontales y Protesicos; Reporte de un caso clinico
En nuestra clinica observamos un aumento de pacientes adultos con problemas esqueletales, compromiso periodontal y necesidades protesicas. Debemos recurrir a la interconsulta con el periodoncista, protesista y cirujano maxilofacial, para la correccion del caso, prestando especial atencion al componente dentario, esqueletal y los tejidos blandos faciales del paciente. La cirugia ortognatica, que generalmente la realizamos luego de una preparacion ortodoncica, permite corregir discrepancias en el adulto y restaurar la funcion y estetica en los tres planos del espacio. Realizada la correccion oclusal, procedemos a sustituir dientes ausentes, mediante implantes y protesis fijas. El Periodoncista, mantiene un control constante de la salud de los tejidos de soporte, durante todas las fases de la terapia multidisciplinaria.

Sequencing of Periodontal Procedures and Orthodontic Treatment
Severe cases of periodontal disease often require periodontal surgery and realignment of teeth. Surgical techniques have been developed that attempt to minimize post-surgical gingival recession and compromise the interdental papillae. A case report is presented in which reversal and correction of a deteriorating maxillary frontal dentition were effectively achieved through combined use of periodontal and orthodontic principles. The treatment plan included the control of periodontal inflammation, restoration of lost attachment apparatus, realignment of anterior dentition, stabilization of occlusion, and minor periodontal plastic surgery. The anticipated loss of a maxillary lateral incisor was avoided. Restoration of a pleasant smile with nicely aligned teeth and esthetic gingival contours was achieved. The correct sequencing of the procedures involved was considered a key factor for the long-term esthetic outcome.